In general, the extended reset cause supercedes the raw code. The raw code is kept for backwards compatibility only. For new applications it is highly recommended to use the extended reset cause instead.
In case of extended reset cause 3 (exception reset), additional values are returned containing the crash information. These are, in order, [EXCCAUSE](https://arduino-esp8266.readthedocs.io/en/latest/exception_causes.html), EPC1, EPC2, EPC3, EXCVADDR, and DEPC.
Theoretical maximum deep sleep duration can be found with [`node.dsleepMax()`](#nodedsleepmax). ["Max deep sleep for ESP8266"](https://thingpulse.com/max-deep-sleep-for-esp8266/) claims the realistic maximum be around 3.5h.
This function can only be used in the condition that esp8266 PIN32(RST) and PIN8(XPD_DCDC aka GPIO16) are connected together. Using sleep(0) will set no wake up timer, connect a GPIO to pin RST, the chip will wake up by a falling-edge on pin RST.
-`instant` number (integer) or `nil`. If present and non-zero, the chip will enter Deep-sleep immediately and will not wait for the Wi-Fi core to be shutdown.
While it is possible to specify a longer sleep time than the theoretical maximum sleep duration, it is not recommended to exceed this maximum. In tests documented at ["Max deep sleep for ESP8266"](https://thingpulse.com/max-deep-sleep-for-esp8266/) the device never woke up again if the specified sleep time was beyond `dsleepMax()`.
An array containing entries for `lfs_addr`, `lfs_size`, `spiffs_addr` and `spiffs_size`. The address values are offsets relative to the start of the Flash memory.
`group` A designator for a group of properties. May be one of `"hw"`, `"sw_version"`, `"build_config"`. It is currently optional; if omitted the legacy structure is returned. However, not providing any value is deprecated.
Submits a string to the Lua interpreter. Similar to `pcall(loadstring(str))`, but without the single-line limitation. Note that the Line interpreter only actions complete Lua chunks. A Lue Lua chunk must comprise one or more complete `'\n'` terminaed lines that form a complete compilation unit.
Sub-table containing the API for [Lua Flash Store](../lfs.md)(**LFS**) access. Programmers might prefer to map this to a global or local variable for convenience for example:
```lua
local LFS = node.LFS
```
This table contains the following methods and properties:
Property/Method | Description
-------|---------
`config` | A synonym for [`node.info('lfs')`](#nodeinfo). Returns the properties `lfs_base`, `lfs_mapped`, `lfs_size`, `lfs_used`.
`time` | Returns the Unix timestamp at time of image creation.
## node.LFS.get()
Returns the function reference for a function in LFS.
Note that unused `node.LFS` properties map onto the equialent `get()` call so for example: `node.LFS.mySub1` is a synonym for `node.LFS.get('mySub1')`.
#### Syntax
`node.LFS.get(modulename)`
#### Parameters
`modulename` The name of the module to be loaded.
#### Returns
- If the LFS is loaded and the `modulename` is a string that is the name of a valid module in the LFS, then the function is returned in the same way the `load()` and the other Lua load functions do
- Otherwise `nil` is returned.
## node.LFS.list()
List the modules in LFS.
#### Returns
- If no LFS image IS LOADED then `nil` is returned.
- Otherwise an sorted array of the name of modules in LFS is returned.
## node.LFS.reload()
Reload LFS with the flash image provided. Flash images can be generated on the host machine using the `luac.cross`command.
#### Syntax
`node.LFS.reload(imageName)`
#### Parameters
`imageName` The name of a image file in the filesystem to be loaded into the LFS.
#### Returns
- In the case when the `imagename` is a valid LFS image, this is expanded and loaded into flash, and the ESP is then immediately rebooted, _so control is not returned to the calling Lua application_ in the case of a successful reload.
- The reload process internally makes multiple passes through the LFS image file. The first pass validates the file and header formats and detects many errors. If any is detected then an error string is returned.
Redirects the Lua interpreter to a `stdout` pipe when a CB function is specified (See `pipe` module) and resets output to normal otherwise. Optionally also prints to the serial console.
-`output_fn(pipe)` a function accept every output as str, and can send the output to a socket (or maybe a file). Note that this function must conform to the fules for a pipe reader callback.
Restores system configuration to defaults using the SDK function `system_restore()`, which is described in the documentation as:
> Reset default settings of following APIs: `wifi_station_set_auto_connect`, `wifi_set_phy_mode`, `wifi_softap_set_config` related, `wifi_station_set_config` related, `wifi_set_opmode`, and APs’ information recorded by `#define AP_CACHE`.
Sets the current LFS and / or SPIFFS partition information.
#### Syntax
`node.setpartitiontable(partition_info)`
!!! note
This function is typically only used once during initial provisioning after first flashing the firmware. It does some consistency checks to validate the specified parameters, and it then reboots the ESP module to load the new partition table. If the LFS or SPIFFS regions have changed then you will need to reload LFS, reformat the SPIFSS and reload its contents.
An array containing one or more of the following enties. The address values are byte offsets relative to the start of the Flash memory. The size values are in bytes. Note that these parameters must be a multiple of 8Kb to align to Flash page boundaries.
<!--- * `duration` Sleep duration in microseconds(μs). If a sleep duration of `0` is specified, suspension will be indefinite (Range: 0 or 50000 - 268435454 μs (0:4:28.000454))--->
Overrides the default startup action on processor restart, preplacing the executing `init.lua` if it exists. This is now deprecated in favor of `node.startup({command="the command"})`.
-`@`, the remaining string is a filename to be executed.
-`=`, the remaining string is Lua chunk to be compiled and executed.
#### Returns
`status` this is `false` if write to the Reboot Config Record fails. Note that no attempt is made to parse or validate the string. If the command is invalid or the file missing then this will be reported on the next restart.
#### Example
```lua
node.startupcommand("@myappstart.lc") -- Execute the compiled file myappstart.lc on startup
```
```lua
-- Execute the LFS routine init() in preference to init.lua
node.startupcommand("=if LFS.init then LFS.init() else dofile('init.lua') end")
This function is only available if the firmware is built with `PLATFORM_STARTUP_COUNT` defined. This would normally be done by uncommenting the `#define PLATFORM_STARTUP_COUNT` line in `app/include/user_config.h`.
#### Syntax
`node.startupcounts([marker])`
#### Parameters
-`marker` If present, this will add another entry into the startup counts
#### Returns
An array of tables which indicate how many CPU cycles had been consumed at each step of platform boot.
#### Example
```lua
=sjson.encode(node.startupcounts())
```
This might generate the output (formatted for readability):
The crucial entry is the one for `node_startup_counts` which is when the application had started running. This was on a Wemos D1 Mini with flash running at 80MHz. The startup options were all turned on.
Note that the clock speed changes in `user_pre_init` to 160MHz. The total time was (approximately): `3.8 / 80 + (12 - 3.8) / 160 = 98ms`. With startup options of 0, the time is 166ms. These times may be slightly optimistic as the clock is only 52MHz for a time during boot.
## node.startup()
Get/set options that control the startup process. This interface will grow over time.
#### Syntax
`node.startup([{table}])`
#### Parameters
If the argument is omitted, then no change is made to the current set of startup options. If the argument is the empty table `{}` then all options are
reset to their default values.
-`table` one or more options:
-`banner` - set to true or false to indicate whether the startup banner should be displayed or not. (default: true)
-`frequency` - set to node.CPU80MHZ or node.CPU160MHZ to indicate the initial CPU speed. (default: node.CPU80MHZ)
-`delay_mount` - set to true or false to indicate whether the SPIFFS filesystem mount is delayed until it is first needed or not. (default: false)
-`command` - set to a string which is the initial command that is run. This is the same string as in the `node.startupcommand`.
#### Returns
`table` This is the complete set of options in the state that will take effect on the next boot. Note that the `command` key may be missing -- in which
case the default value will be used.
#### Example
```lua
node.startup({banner=false, frequency=node.CPU160MHZ}) -- Prevent printing the banner and run at 160MHz
Controls the amount of debug information kept during [`node.compile()`](#nodecompile), and allows removal of debug information from already compiled Lua code.
If no arguments are given then the current default setting is returned. If function is omitted, this is the default setting for future compiles. The function argument uses the same rules as for `setfenv()`.
It can be called in three ways. Without arguments in the floating point build of NodeMCU, it returns a random real number with uniform distribution in the interval [0,1).
When called with only one argument, an integer n, it returns an integer random number x such that 1 <= x <= n. For instance, you can simulate the result of a die with random(6).
-`node.egc.ON_ALLOC_FAILURE` Try to allocate a new block of memory, and run the garbage collector if the allocation fails. If the allocation fails even after running the garbage collector, the allocator will return with error.
-`node.egc.ON_MEM_LIMIT` Run the garbage collector when the memory used by the Lua script goes beyond an upper `limit`. If the upper limit can't be satisfied even after running the garbage collector, the allocator will return with error. If the given limit is negative, it is interpreted as the desired amount of heap which should be left available. Whenever the free heap (as reported by `node.heap()` falls below the requested limit, the garbage collector will be run.
-`node.egc.ALWAYS` Run the garbage collector before each memory allocation. If the allocation fails even after running the garbage collector, the allocator will return with error. This mode is very efficient with regards to memory savings, but it's also the slowest.
-`level` in the case of `node.egc.ON_MEM_LIMIT`, this specifies the memory limit.
-`total_allocated` The total number of bytes allocated by the Lua runtime. This is the number which is relevant when using the `node.egc.ON_MEM_LIMIT` option with positive limit values.
-`estimated_used` This value shows the estimated usage of the allocated memory.