Merge pull request #769 from nickandrew/tidy-readme

Rework the README file considerably
This commit is contained in:
Marcel Stör 2015-12-05 10:56:23 +01:00
commit 09650c0aae
1 changed files with 320 additions and 268 deletions

588
README.md
View File

@ -1,33 +1,40 @@
# **NodeMCU** #
version 0.9.5
# **NodeMCU 1.4.0** #
[![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware) [![Download](https://img.shields.io/badge/download-~400k-orange.svg)](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/releases/latest)
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware)
###A lua based firmware for wifi-soc esp8266
Build on [ESP8266 sdk 0.9.5](http://bbs.espressif.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=154)<br />
Lua core based on [eLua project](http://www.eluaproject.net/)<br />
cjson based on [lua-cjson](https://github.com/mpx/lua-cjson)<br />
File system based on [spiffs](https://github.com/pellepl/spiffs)<br />
Open source development kit for NodeMCU [nodemcu-devkit](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-devkit)<br />
Flash tool for NodeMCU [nodemcu-flasher](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher)<br />
wiki: [NodeMCU wiki](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki)<br />
api: [NodeMCU api](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki/nodemcu_api_en)<br />
home: [nodemcu.com](http://www.nodemcu.com)<br />
bbs: [Chinese bbs](http://bbs.nodemcu.com)<br />
docs: [NodeMCU docs](http://www.nodemcu.com/docs/)<br />
Tencent QQ group: 309957875<br />
- Build on [ESP8266 sdk 1.4.0](http://bbs.espressif.com/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=1124)
- Lua core based on [eLua project](http://www.eluaproject.net/)
- cjson based on [lua-cjson](https://github.com/mpx/lua-cjson)
- File system based on [spiffs](https://github.com/pellepl/spiffs)
- Open source development kit for NodeMCU [nodemcu-devkit](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-devkit)
# Summary
- Easy to access wireless router
- Based on Lua 5.1.4 (without *debug, os* module.)
- Event-Drive programming preferred.
- Build-in json, file, timer, pwm, i2c, spi, 1-wire, net, mqtt, coap, gpio, wifi, adc, uart and system api.
- GPIO pin re-mapped, use the index to access gpio, i2c, pwm.
- Both Integer(less memory usage) and Float version firmware provided.
# To Do List (pull requests are very welcomed)
- Easy to program wireless node and/or Access Point
- Based on Lua 5.1.4 (without *debug, os* module.)
- Event-driven programming model preferred
- Built-in modules: node, json, file, timer, pwm, i2c, spi, onewire, net, mqtt, coap, gpio, wifi, adc, uart, bit, u8g, ucg, ws2801, ws2812, crypto, dht, rtc, sntp, bmp085, tls2561, hx711 and system api.
- Both Integer (less memory usage) and Float version firmware provided.
## Useful links
| Resource | Location |
| -------------- | -------------- |
| Developer Wiki | https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki |
| API docs | [NodeMCU api](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki/nodemcu_api_en) |
| Home | [nodemcu.com](http://www.nodemcu.com) |
| BBS | [Chinese BBS](http://bbs.nodemcu.com) |
| Docs | [NodeMCU docs](http://www.nodemcu.com/docs/) |
| Tencent QQ group | 309957875 |
| Windows flash tool | [nodemcu-flasher](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher) |
| Linux flash tool | [Esptool](https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool) |
| ESPlorer GUI | https://github.com/4refr0nt/ESPlorer |
| NodeMCU Studio GUI | https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-studio-csharp |
# To Do List (pull requests are very welcome)
- loadable c module
- fix wifi smart connect
- add spi module (done)
@ -35,92 +42,235 @@ Tencent QQ group: 309957875<br />
- add coap module (done)
- cross compiler (done)
# Change log
2015-06-27<br />
fixed ap/station-ap cannot connect to the device.<br />
added wifi.ap.getconfig().<br />
fixed net.dns.getdnsserver().<br />
added new base64 lua example.<br />
added node.bootreason() to inspect boot cause.<br />
optimization of u8g.<br />
# Programming Examples
# Change log
2015-06-25<br />
move constants to ROM. Frees up 16k+ of RAM.<br />
add dhtlib for DHT11/21/22/33/44, port from Arduino.<br />
add 433MHz transmission.<br />
add crypto library.<br />
re-add ws2812.write().<br />
add wifi.getchannel.<br />
changed wifi_setip() to allow setting SoftAP gateway to 0.0.0.0.<br />
added net.dns.setdnsserver and net.dns.getdnsserver.<br />
add support for lm92 temperature sensor.<br />
implement getStrWidth() and setFontLineSpacingFactor().<br />
add -Os flag to release and debug builds.<br />
changed output format of table that is output by wifi_scan_done.<br />
added ability to set scan configuration to wifi.sta.getap.<br />
added function wifi.sta.getconfig().<br />
allow connecting to unsecured WiFi networks.<br />
add setphymode and getphymode to wifi module.<br />
add multicastJoin and multicastLeave to net module.<br />
add Yeelink Modules.<br />
Because Lua is a high level language and several modules are built into the firmware, you can very easily program your ESP8266. Here are some examples!
2015-03-31<br />
polish mqtt module, add queue for mqtt module.<br />
add reconnect option to mqtt.connect api, :connect( host, port, secure, auto_reconnect, function(client) )<br />
move node.readvdd33 to adc.readvdd33.<br />
tools/esptool.py supported NodeMCU devkit automatic flash.
## Connect to your AP
[more change log](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki)<br />
```lua
ip = wifi.sta.getip()
print(ip)
--nil
wifi.setmode(wifi.STATION)
wifi.sta.config("SSID", "password")
ip = wifi.sta.getip()
print(ip)
--192.168.18.110
```
##GPIO NEW TABLE ( Build 20141219 and later)
## Manipulate hardware like an Arduino
<a id="new_gpio_map"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<th scope="col">IO index</th><th scope="col">ESP8266 pin</th><th scope="col">IO index</th><th scope="col">ESP8266 pin</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0 [*]</td><td>GPIO16</td><td>8</td><td>GPIO15 (SPI CS)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td><td>GPIO5</td><td>9</td><td>GPIO3 (UART RX)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td><td>GPIO4</td><td>10</td><td>GPIO1 (UART TX)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td><td>GPIO0</td><td>11</td><td>GPIO9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td><td>GPIO2</td><td>12</td><td>GPIO10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td><td>GPIO14 (SPI CLK)</td><td></td><td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td><td>GPIO12 (SPI MISO)</td><td></td><td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td><td>GPIO13 (SPI MOSI)</td><td></td><td></td>
</tr>
</table>
#### [*] D0(GPIO16) can only be used as gpio read/write. no interrupt supported. no pwm/i2c/ow supported.
```lua
pin = 1
gpio.mode(pin, gpio.OUTPUT)
gpio.write(pin, gpio.HIGH)
print(gpio.read(pin))
```
## Write a network application in Node.js style
```lua
-- A simple http client
conn=net.createConnection(net.TCP, 0)
conn:on("receive", function(conn, payload) print(payload) end)
conn:connect(80, "115.239.210.27")
conn:send("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.baidu.com\r\n"
.. "Connection: keep-alive\r\nAccept: */*\r\n\r\n")
```
## Or a simple HTTP server
```lua
-- A simple http server
srv=net.createServer(net.TCP)
srv:listen(80, function(conn)
conn:on("receive", function(conn,payload)
print(payload)
conn:send("<h1> Hello, NodeMCU.</h1>")
end)
conn:on("sent", function(conn) conn:close() end)
end)
```
## Connect to MQTT broker
```lua
-- init mqtt client with keepalive timer 120sec
m = mqtt.Client("clientid", 120, "user", "password")
-- setup Last Will and Testament (optional)
-- Broker will publish a message with qos = 0, retain = 0, data = "offline"
-- to topic "/lwt" if client doesn't send keepalive packet
m:lwt("/lwt", "offline", 0, 0)
m:on("connect", function(con) print("connected") end)
m:on("offline", function(con) print("offline") end)
-- on publish message receive event
m:on("message", function(conn, topic, data)
print(topic .. ":")
if data ~= nil then
print(data)
end
end)
-- m:connect(host, port, secure, auto_reconnect, function(client) end)
-- for secure: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 1, 0)
-- for auto-reconnect: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 1)
m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 0, function(conn) print("connected") end)
-- subscribe to topic with qos = 0
m:subscribe("/topic", 0, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
-- or subscribe multiple topics (topic/0, qos = 0; topic/1, qos = 1; topic2, qos = 2)
-- m:subscribe({["topic/0"]=0,["topic/1"]=1,topic2=2}, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
-- publish a message with data = hello, QoS = 0, retain = 0
m:publish("/topic", "hello", 0, 0, function(conn) print("sent") end)
m:close(); -- if auto-reconnect == 1, it will disable auto-reconnect and then disconnect from host.
-- you can call m:connect again
```
## UDP client and server
```lua
-- a udp server
s=net.createServer(net.UDP)
s:on("receive", function(s, c) print(c) end)
s:listen(5683)
-- a udp client
cu=net.createConnection(net.UDP)
cu:on("receive", function(cu, c) print(c) end)
cu:connect(5683, "192.168.18.101")
cu:send("hello")
```
## Do something shiny with an RGB LED
```lua
function led(r, g, b)
pwm.setduty(1, r)
pwm.setduty(2, g)
pwm.setduty(3, b)
end
pwm.setup(1, 500, 512)
pwm.setup(2, 500, 512)
pwm.setup(3, 500, 512)
pwm.start(1)
pwm.start(2)
pwm.start(3)
led(512, 0, 0) -- red
led(0, 0, 512) -- blue
```
## And blink it
```lua
lighton=0
tmr.alarm(1, 1000, 1, function()
if lighton==0 then
lighton=1
led(512, 512, 512)
else
lighton=0
led(0, 0, 0)
end
end)
```
## If you want to run something when the system boots
```lua
--init.lua will be executed
file.open("init.lua", "w")
file.writeline([[print("Hello, do this at the beginning.")]])
file.close()
node.restart() -- this will restart the module.
```
## Add a simple telnet server to the Lua interpreter
```lua
-- a simple telnet server
s=net.createServer(net.TCP, 180)
s:listen(2323, function(c)
function s_output(str)
if(c~=nil)
then c:send(str)
end
end
node.output(s_output, 0) -- re-direct output to function s_ouput.
c:on("receive", function(c, l)
node.input(l) -- works like pcall(loadstring(l)) but support multiples separate lines
end)
c:on("disconnection", function(c)
node.output(nil) -- un-register the redirect output function, output goes to serial
end)
print("Welcome to NodeMCU world.")
end)
```
# Building the firmware
There are several options for building the NodeMCU firmware.
## Online firmware custom build
Please try Marcel's [NodeMCU custom builds](http://frightanic.com/nodemcu-custom-build) cloud service and you can choose only the modules you need, and download the firmware once built.
NodeMCU custom builds can build from the master branch (0.9.6; deprecated) and dev
branch (1.4.0).
## Docker containerised build
See https://hub.docker.com/r/asmaps/nodemcu-builder/
This docker image includes the build toolchain and SDK. You just run the docker
image with your checked-out NodeMCU firmware repository (this one). The docker
image can also flash the firmware to your device.
You will need to see BUILD OPTIONS below, to configure the firmware before building.
## Build it yourself
See BUILD OPTIONS below, to configure the firmware before building.
### Minimum requirements:
- unrar
- GNU autoconf, automake, libtool
- GNU gcc, g++, make
- GNU flex, bison, gawk, sed
- python, python-serial, libexpat-dev
- srecord
- The esp-open-sdk from https://github.com/pfalcon/esp-open-sdk
### Build instructions:
Assuming NodeMCU firmware is checked-out to `/opt/nodemcu-firmware`:
```sh
git clone --recursive https://github.com/pfalcon/esp-open-sdk.git /opt/esp-open-sdk
cd /opt/esp-open-sdk
make STANDALONE=y
PATH=/opt/esp-open-sdk/xtensa-lx106-elf/bin:$PATH
cd /opt/nodemcu-firmware
make
```
# BUILD OPTIONS
Disable modules you won't be using, to reduce firmware size on flash and
free more RAM. The ESP8266 is quite limited in available RAM, and running
out can cause a system panic.
## Edit `app/include/user_modules.h`
Comment-out the #define statement for unused modules. Example:
#Build option
####file ./app/include/user_modules.h
```c
#define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_STRING // for string.xxx()
#define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_TABLE // for table.xxx()
#define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_COROUTINE // for coroutine.xxx()
#define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_MATH // for math.xxx(), partially work
// #define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_IO // for io.xxx(), partially work
// #define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_OS // for os.xxx(), not work
// #define LUA_USE_BUILTIN_DEBUG // for debug.xxx(), not work
#define LUA_USE_MODULES
#ifdef LUA_USE_MODULES
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_NODE
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_FILE
@ -137,200 +287,102 @@ tools/esptool.py supported NodeMCU devkit automatic flash.
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_BIT
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_MQTT
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_COAP
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_U8G
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_WS2812
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_CJSON
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_U8G
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_WS2801
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_WS2812
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_CJSON
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_CRYPTO
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RC
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_DHT
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCMEM
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCTIME
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCFIFO
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_SNTP
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_BMP085
#define LUA_USE_MODULES_TSL2561
// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_HX711
#endif /* LUA_USE_MODULES */
```
#Online firmware custom build
For many application, some modules are not used, remove them can free many memory.<br />
## Tagging your build
Please try Marcel's [NodeMCU custom builds](http://frightanic.com/nodemcu-custom-build) cloud service and you can get your own firmware.<br />
Identify your firmware builds by editing `app/include/user_version.h`
```c
#define NODE_VERSION "NodeMCU 1.4.0+myname"
#ifndef BUILD_DATE
#define BUILD_DATE "YYYYMMDD"
#endif
```
## Setting the boot time serial interface rate
The initial baud rate at boot time is 9600 bps, but you can change this by
editing `app/include/user_config.h` and change BIT_RATE_DEFAULT, e.g.:
```c
#define BIT_RATE_DEFAULT BIT_RATE_115200
```
# Flash the firmware
## Flash tools for Windows
#Flash the firmware
nodemcu_latest.bin: 0x00000<br />
for most esp8266 modules, just pull GPIO0 down and restart.<br />
You can use the [nodemcu-flasher](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher) to burn the firmware.
Or, if you build your own bin from source code.<br />
0x00000.bin: 0x00000<br />
0x10000.bin: 0x10000<br />
## Flash tools for Linux
*Better run file.format() after flash*
Esptool is a python utility which can read and write the flash in an ESP8266 device. See https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool
#Connect the hardware in serial
baudrate:9600
## Preparing the hardware for firmware upgrade
#Write Lua script to filesystem
####Esplorer
Victor Brutskiy's [Esplorer](https://github.com/4refr0nt/ESPlorer) support most platforms such as Linux, Windows, Mac OS, etc. This software is opensource and can write lua/lc files to filesystem.
To enable ESP8266 firmware flashing, the GPIO0 pin must be pulled low before
the device is reset. Conversely, for a normal boot, GPIO0 must be pulled high
or floating.
####NodeMCU Studio
[NodeMCU Studio](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-studio-csharp) is written in C# and support Windows. This software is opensource and can write lua files to filesystem.
If you have a [NodeMCU Development Kit](http://www.nodemcu.com/index_en.html) then
you don't need to do anything, as the USB connection can pull GPIO0
low by asserting DTR, and reset your board by asserting RTS.
#Start play
If you have an ESP-01 or other device without inbuilt USB, you will need to
enable flashing yourself by pulling GPIO0 low or pressing a "flash" switch.
####Connect to your ap
## Files to burn to the flash
```lua
ip = wifi.sta.getip()
print(ip)
--nil
wifi.setmode(wifi.STATION)
wifi.sta.config("SSID","password")
ip = wifi.sta.getip()
print(ip)
--192.168.18.110
```
If you got your firmware from [NodeMCU custom builds](http://frightanic.com/nodemcu-custom-build) then you can flash that file directly to address 0x00000.
####Manipulate hardware like a arduino
Otherwise, if you built your own firmware from source code:
- bin/0x00000.bin to 0x00000
- bin/0x10000.bin to 0x10000
```lua
pin = 1
gpio.mode(pin,gpio.OUTPUT)
gpio.write(pin,gpio.HIGH)
print(gpio.read(pin))
```
Also, in some special circumstances, you may need to flash `blank.bin` or `esp_init_data_default.bin` to various addresses on the flash (depending on flash size and type).
####Write network application in nodejs style
If upgrading from `spiffs` version 0.3.2 to 0.3.3 or later, or after flashing any new firmware, you should run `file.format()` to re-format your flash filesystem.
```lua
-- A simple http client
conn=net.createConnection(net.TCP, 0)
conn:on("receive", function(conn, payload) print(payload) end )
conn:connect(80,"115.239.210.27")
conn:send("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.baidu.com\r\n"
.."Connection: keep-alive\r\nAccept: */*\r\n\r\n")
```
# Connecting to your NodeMCU device
####Or a simple http server
NodeMCU serial interface uses 9600 baud at boot time. To increase the speed after booting, issue `uart.setup(0,115200,8,0,1,1)` (ESPlorer will do this automatically when changing the speed in the dropdown list).
```lua
-- A simple http server
srv=net.createServer(net.TCP)
srv:listen(80,function(conn)
conn:on("receive",function(conn,payload)
print(payload)
conn:send("<h1> Hello, NodeMcu.</h1>")
end)
conn:on("sent",function(conn) conn:close() end)
end)
```
If the device panics and resets at any time, errors will be written to the serial interface at 115200 bps.
####Connect to MQTT Broker
# User Interface tools
```lua
-- init mqtt client with keepalive timer 120sec
m = mqtt.Client("clientid", 120, "user", "password")
## Esplorer
-- setup Last Will and Testament (optional)
-- Broker will publish a message with qos = 0, retain = 0, data = "offline"
-- to topic "/lwt" if client don't send keepalive packet
m:lwt("/lwt", "offline", 0, 0)
Victor Brutskiy's [ESPlorer](https://github.com/4refr0nt/ESPlorer) is written in Java, is open source and runs on most platforms such as Linux, Windows, Mac OS, etc.
m:on("connect", function(con) print ("connected") end)
m:on("offline", function(con) print ("offline") end)
#### Features
-- on publish message receive event
m:on("message", function(conn, topic, data)
print(topic .. ":" )
if data ~= nil then
print(data)
end
end)
- Edit Lua scripts and run on the ESP8266 and save to its flash
- Serial console log
- Also supports original AT firmware (reading and setting WiFi modes, etc)
-- m:connect( host, port, secure, auto_reconnect, function(client) )
-- for secure: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 1, 0)
-- for auto-reconnect: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 1)
m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 0, function(conn) print("connected") end)
## NodeMCU Studio
-- subscribe topic with qos = 0
m:subscribe("/topic",0, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
-- or subscribe multiple topic (topic/0, qos = 0; topic/1, qos = 1; topic2 , qos = 2)
-- m:subscribe({["topic/0"]=0,["topic/1"]=1,topic2=2}, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
-- publish a message with data = hello, QoS = 0, retain = 0
m:publish("/topic","hello",0,0, function(conn) print("sent") end)
[NodeMCU Studio](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-studio-csharp) is written in C# and supports Windows. This software is open source and can write lua files to filesystem.
m:close(); -- if auto-reconnect == 1, will disable auto-reconnect and then disconnect from host.
-- you can call m:connect again
```
#### UDP client and server
```lua
-- a udp server
s=net.createServer(net.UDP)
s:on("receive",function(s,c) print(c) end)
s:listen(5683)
-- a udp client
cu=net.createConnection(net.UDP)
cu:on("receive",function(cu,c) print(c) end)
cu:connect(5683,"192.168.18.101")
cu:send("hello")
```
####Do something shining
```lua
function led(r,g,b)
pwm.setduty(1,r)
pwm.setduty(2,g)
pwm.setduty(3,b)
end
pwm.setup(1,500,512)
pwm.setup(2,500,512)
pwm.setup(3,500,512)
pwm.start(1)
pwm.start(2)
pwm.start(3)
led(512,0,0) -- red
led(0,0,512) -- blue
```
####And blink it
```lua
lighton=0
tmr.alarm(1,1000,1,function()
if lighton==0 then
lighton=1
led(512,512,512)
else
lighton=0
led(0,0,0)
end
end)
```
####If you want to run something when system started
```lua
--init.lua will be excuted
file.open("init.lua","w")
file.writeline([[print("Hello, do this at the beginning.")]])
file.close()
node.restart() -- this will restart the module.
```
####With below code, you can telnet to your esp8266 now
```lua
-- a simple telnet server
s=net.createServer(net.TCP,180)
s:listen(2323,function(c)
function s_output(str)
if(c~=nil)
then c:send(str)
end
end
node.output(s_output, 0) -- re-direct output to function s_ouput.
c:on("receive",function(c,l)
node.input(l) -- works like pcall(loadstring(l)) but support multiple separate line
end)
c:on("disconnection",function(c)
node.output(nil) -- un-regist the redirect output function, output goes to serial
end)
print("Welcome to NodeMcu world.")
end)
```
# OPTIONAL MODULES
####Use DS18B20 module extends your esp8266
```lua