Marcel Stör
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README.md
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README.md
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# **NodeMCU 1.5.1** #
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[](https://gitter.im/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
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[](https://gitter.im/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
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[](https://travis-ci.org/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware)
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[](http://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/newdocs/?badge=newdocs)
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[](http://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/newdocs/?badge=dev)
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[](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/blob/master/LICENSE)
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###A lua based firmware for wifi-soc esp8266
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- Build on [ESP8266 NONOS SDK 1.5.1](http://bbs.espressif.com/viewtopic.php?f=46&p=5315)
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- Lua core based on [eLua project](http://www.eluaproject.net/)
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- cjson based on [lua-cjson](https://github.com/mpx/lua-cjson)
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- File system based on [spiffs](https://github.com/pellepl/spiffs)
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- Open source development kit for NodeMCU [nodemcu-devkit-v0.9](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-devkit) [nodemcu-devkit-v1.0](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-devkit-v1.0)
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### A Lua based firmware for ESP8266 WiFi SOC
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NodeMCU is an [eLua](http://www.eluaproject.net/) based firmware for the [ESP8266 WiFi SOC from Espressif](http://espressif.com/en/products/esp8266/). The firmware is based on the [Espressif NON-OS SDK 1.5.1](http://bbs.espressif.com/viewtopic.php?f=46&p=5315) and uses a file system based on [spiffs](https://github.com/pellepl/spiffs). The code repository consists of 98.1% C-code that glues the thin Lua veneer to the SDK.
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The NodeMCU *firmware* is a companion project to the popular [NodeMCU dev kits](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-devkit-v1.0), ready-made open source development boards with ESP8266-12E chips.
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# Summary
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- Easy to program wireless node and/or Access Point
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- Based on Lua 5.1.4 (without *debug, os* module.)
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- Event-driven programming model preferred
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- Built-in modules: node, json, file, timer, pwm, i2c, spi, onewire, net, mqtt, coap, gpio, wifi, adc, uart, bit, u8g, ucg, ws2801, ws2812, crypto, dht, rtc, sntp, bmp085, tls2561, hx711 and system api.
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- Both Integer (less memory usage) and Float version firmware provided.
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- Easy to program wireless node and/or access point
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- Based on Lua 5.1.4 (without *debug, os* modules)
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- Asynchronous event-driven programming model
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- 35+ [built-in modules](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki/Module-list)
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- Firmware available with or without floating point support (integer-only uses less memory)
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- Up-to-date documentation at [https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org)
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## Useful links
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# Programming Model
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| Resource | Location |
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| -------------- | -------------- |
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| Developer Wiki | https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki |
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| API docs | [NodeMCU api](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/wiki/nodemcu_api_en) |
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| Home | [nodemcu.com](http://www.nodemcu.com) |
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| BBS | [Chinese BBS](http://bbs.nodemcu.com) |
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| Docs | [NodeMCU docs](http://www.nodemcu.com/docs/) |
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| Tencent QQ group | 309957875 |
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| Windows flash tool | [nodemcu-flasher](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher) |
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| Linux flash tool | [Esptool](https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool) |
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| ESPlorer GUI | https://github.com/4refr0nt/ESPlorer |
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| NodeMCU Studio GUI | https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-studio-csharp |
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# Programming Examples
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Because Lua is a high level language and several modules are built into the firmware, you can very easily program your ESP8266. Here are some examples!
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## Connect to your AP
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The NodeMCU programming model is similar to that of [Node.js](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node.js), only in Lua. It is asynchronous and event-driven. Many functions, therefore, have parameters for callback functions. To give you an idea what a NodeMCU program looks like study the short snippets below. For more extensive examples have a look at the [`/lua_examples`](lua_examples) folder in the repository on GitHub.
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```lua
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ip = wifi.sta.getip()
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print(ip)
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--nil
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wifi.setmode(wifi.STATION)
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wifi.sta.config("SSID", "password")
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ip = wifi.sta.getip()
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print(ip)
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--192.168.18.110
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```
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## Manipulate hardware like an Arduino
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```lua
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pin = 1
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gpio.mode(pin, gpio.OUTPUT)
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gpio.write(pin, gpio.HIGH)
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print(gpio.read(pin))
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```
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## Write a network application in Node.js style
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```lua
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-- A simple http client
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conn=net.createConnection(net.TCP, 0)
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conn:on("receive", function(conn, payload) print(payload) end)
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conn:connect(80, "115.239.210.27")
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conn:send("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.baidu.com\r\n"
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.. "Connection: keep-alive\r\nAccept: */*\r\n\r\n")
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```
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## Or a simple HTTP server
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```lua
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-- A simple http server
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srv=net.createServer(net.TCP)
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srv:listen(80, function(conn)
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conn:on("receive", function(conn,payload)
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print(payload)
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conn:send("<h1> Hello, NodeMCU.</h1>")
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end)
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conn:on("sent", function(conn) conn:close() end)
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end)
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```
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## Connect to MQTT broker
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```lua
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-- init mqtt client with keepalive timer 120sec
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m = mqtt.Client("clientid", 120, "user", "password")
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-- setup Last Will and Testament (optional)
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-- Broker will publish a message with qos = 0, retain = 0, data = "offline"
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-- to topic "/lwt" if client doesn't send keepalive packet
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m:lwt("/lwt", "offline", 0, 0)
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m:on("connect", function(con) print("connected") end)
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m:on("offline", function(con) print("offline") end)
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-- on publish message receive event
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m:on("message", function(conn, topic, data)
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print(topic .. ":")
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if data ~= nil then
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print(data)
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end
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-- a simple HTTP server
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srv = net.createServer(net.TCP)
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srv:listen(80, function(conn)
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conn:on("receive", function(conn, payload)
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print(payload)
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conn:send("<h1> Hello, NodeMCU.</h1>")
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end)
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conn:on("sent", function(conn) conn:close() end)
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end)
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-- m:connect(host, port, secure, auto_reconnect, function(client) end)
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-- for secure: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 1, 0)
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-- for auto-reconnect: m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 1)
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m:connect("192.168.11.118", 1880, 0, 0, function(conn) print("connected") end)
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-- subscribe to topic with qos = 0
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m:subscribe("/topic", 0, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
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-- or subscribe multiple topics (topic/0, qos = 0; topic/1, qos = 1; topic2, qos = 2)
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-- m:subscribe({["topic/0"]=0,["topic/1"]=1,topic2=2}, function(conn) print("subscribe success") end)
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-- publish a message with data = hello, QoS = 0, retain = 0
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m:publish("/topic", "hello", 0, 0, function(conn) print("sent") end)
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m:close(); -- if auto-reconnect == 1, it will disable auto-reconnect and then disconnect from host.
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-- you can call m:connect again
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```
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## UDP client and server
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```lua
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-- a udp server
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s=net.createServer(net.UDP)
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s:on("receive", function(s, c) print(c) end)
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s:listen(5683)
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-- a udp client
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cu=net.createConnection(net.UDP)
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cu:on("receive", function(cu, c) print(c) end)
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cu:connect(5683, "192.168.18.101")
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cu:send("hello")
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-- connect to WiFi access point
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wifi.setmode(wifi.STATION)
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wifi.sta.config("SSID", "password")
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```
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## Do something shiny with an RGB LED
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# Documentation
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```lua
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function led(r, g, b)
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pwm.setduty(1, r)
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pwm.setduty(2, g)
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pwm.setduty(3, b)
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end
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pwm.setup(1, 500, 512)
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pwm.setup(2, 500, 512)
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pwm.setup(3, 500, 512)
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pwm.start(1)
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pwm.start(2)
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pwm.start(3)
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led(512, 0, 0) -- red
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led(0, 0, 512) -- blue
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```
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The entire [NodeMCU documentation](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org) is maintained right in this repository at [/docs](docs). The fact that the API documentation is mainted in the same repository as the code that *provides* the API ensures consistency between the two. With every commit the documentation is rebuilt by Read the Docs and thus transformed from terse Markdown into a nicely browsable HTML site at [https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org).
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## And blink it
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- How to [build the firmware](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/build/)
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- How to [flash the firmware](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/flash/)
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- How to [upload code and NodeMCU IDEs](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/upload/)
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- API documentation for every module
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```lua
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lighton=0
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tmr.alarm(1, 1000, 1, function()
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if lighton==0 then
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lighton=1
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led(512, 512, 512)
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else
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lighton=0
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led(0, 0, 0)
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end
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end)
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```
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# Support
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## If you want to run something when the system boots
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See [https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/support/](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/support/).
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```lua
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--init.lua will be executed
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file.open("init.lua", "w")
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file.writeline([[print("Hello, do this at the beginning.")]])
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file.close()
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node.restart() -- this will restart the module.
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```
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# License
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## Add a simple telnet server to the Lua interpreter
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[MIT](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-firmware/blob/master/LICENSE) © [zeroday](https://github.com/NodeMCU)/[nodemcu.com](http://nodemcu.com/index_en.html)
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```lua
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-- a simple telnet server
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s=net.createServer(net.TCP, 180)
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s:listen(2323, function(c)
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function s_output(str)
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if(c~=nil)
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then c:send(str)
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end
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end
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node.output(s_output, 0) -- re-direct output to function s_ouput.
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c:on("receive", function(c, l)
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node.input(l) -- works like pcall(loadstring(l)) but support multiples separate lines
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end)
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c:on("disconnection", function(c)
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node.output(nil) -- un-register the redirect output function, output goes to serial
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end)
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print("Welcome to NodeMCU world.")
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end)
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```
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# Build Options
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# Building the firmware
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The following sections explain some of the options you have if you want to [build your own NodeMCU firmware](http://nodemcu.readthedocs.org/en/dev/en/build/).
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There are several options for building the NodeMCU firmware.
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### Select Modules
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## Online firmware custom build
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Disable modules you won't be using to reduce firmware size and free up some RAM. The ESP8266 is quite limited in available RAM and running out of memory can cause a system panic.
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Please try Marcel's [NodeMCU custom build](http://nodemcu-build.com) cloud service and you can choose only the modules you need, and download the firmware once built.
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NodeMCU custom builds can build from all active branches (with the latest fixes).
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## Docker containerised build
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See [https://hub.docker.com/r/marcelstoer/nodemcu-build/](https://hub.docker.com/r/marcelstoer/nodemcu-build/)
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This Docker image includes the build toolchain and SDK. You just run the Docker image with your checked-out NodeMCU firmware repository (this one).
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You will need to see BUILD OPTIONS below, to configure the firmware before building.
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## Build it yourself
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See BUILD OPTIONS below, to configure the firmware before building.
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### Minimum requirements:
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- unrar
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- GNU autoconf, automake, libtool
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- GNU gcc, g++, make
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- GNU flex, bison, gawk, sed
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- python, python-serial, libexpat-dev
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- srecord
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- The esp-open-sdk from https://github.com/pfalcon/esp-open-sdk
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### Build instructions:
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Assuming NodeMCU firmware is checked-out to `/opt/nodemcu-firmware`:
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```sh
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git clone --recursive https://github.com/pfalcon/esp-open-sdk.git /opt/esp-open-sdk
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cd /opt/esp-open-sdk
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make STANDALONE=y
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PATH=/opt/esp-open-sdk/xtensa-lx106-elf/bin:$PATH
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cd /opt/nodemcu-firmware
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make
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```
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# BUILD OPTIONS
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Disable modules you won't be using, to reduce firmware size on flash and
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free more RAM. The ESP8266 is quite limited in available RAM, and running
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out can cause a system panic.
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## Edit `app/include/user_modules.h`
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Comment-out the #define statement for unused modules. Example:
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Edit `app/include/user_modules.h` and comment-out the `#define` statement for modules you don't need. Example:
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```c
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#ifdef LUA_USE_MODULES
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_NODE
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_FILE
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_GPIO
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_WIFI
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_NET
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_PWM
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_I2C
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_SPI
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_TMR
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_ADC
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_UART
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_OW
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_BIT
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...
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_MQTT
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_COAP
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_U8G
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_WS2801
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_WS2812
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_CJSON
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_CRYPTO
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RC
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_DHT
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCMEM
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCTIME
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_RTCFIFO
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_SNTP
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_BMP085
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_TSL2561
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// #define LUA_USE_MODULES_HX711
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#define LUA_USE_MODULES_HTTP
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#endif /* LUA_USE_MODULES */
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...
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```
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## Tagging your build
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### Tag Your Build
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Identify your firmware builds by editing `app/include/user_version.h`
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```c
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#define NODE_VERSION "NodeMCU 1.5.1+myname"
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#ifndef BUILD_DATE
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#define BUILD_DATE "YYYYMMDD"
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#define BUILD_DATE "YYYYMMDD"
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#endif
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```
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## Setting the boot time serial interface rate
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### Set UART Bit Rate
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The initial baud rate at boot time is 9600 bps, but you can change this by
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editing `app/include/user_config.h` and change BIT_RATE_DEFAULT, e.g.:
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The initial baud rate at boot time is 9600bps. You can change this by
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editing `BIT_RATE_DEFAULT` in `app/include/user_config.h`:
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```c
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#define BIT_RATE_DEFAULT BIT_RATE_115200
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```
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## Debugging
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### Debugging
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To enable runtime debug messages to serial console, edit `app/include/user_config.h`
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To enable runtime debug messages to serial console edit `app/include/user_config.h`
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```c
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#define DEVELOP_VERSION
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```
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`DEVELOP_VERSION` changes the startup baud rate to 74880.
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# Flash the firmware
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## Flash tools for Windows
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You can use the [nodemcu-flasher](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-flasher) to burn the firmware.
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## Flash tools for Linux
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Esptool is a python utility which can read and write the flash in an ESP8266 device. See https://github.com/themadinventor/esptool
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## Preparing the hardware for firmware upgrade
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To enable ESP8266 firmware flashing, the GPIO0 pin must be pulled low before
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the device is reset. Conversely, for a normal boot, GPIO0 must be pulled high
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or floating.
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If you have a [NodeMCU Development Kit](http://www.nodemcu.com/index_en.html) then
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you don't need to do anything, as the USB connection can pull GPIO0
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low by asserting DTR, and reset your board by asserting RTS.
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If you have an ESP-01 or other device without inbuilt USB, you will need to
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enable flashing yourself by pulling GPIO0 low or pressing a "flash" switch.
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## Files to burn to the flash
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If you got your firmware from [NodeMCU custom builds](http://nodemcu-build.com) then you can flash that file directly to address 0x00000.
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Otherwise, if you built your own firmware from source code:
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- bin/0x00000.bin to 0x00000
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- bin/0x10000.bin to 0x10000
|
||||
|
||||
Also, in some special circumstances, you may need to flash `blank.bin` or `esp_init_data_default.bin` to various addresses on the flash (depending on flash size and type).
|
||||
|
||||
If upgrading from `spiffs` version 0.3.2 to 0.3.3 or later, or after flashing any new firmware (particularly one with a much different size), you may need to run `file.format()` to re-format your flash filesystem.
|
||||
You will know if you need to do this because your flash files disappeared, or they exist but seem empty, or data cannot be written to new files.
|
||||
|
||||
# Connecting to your NodeMCU device
|
||||
|
||||
NodeMCU serial interface uses 9600 baud at boot time. To increase the speed after booting, issue `uart.setup(0,115200,8,0,1,1)` (ESPlorer will do this automatically when changing the speed in the dropdown list).
|
||||
|
||||
If the device panics and resets at any time, errors will be written to the serial interface at 115200 bps.
|
||||
|
||||
# User Interface tools
|
||||
|
||||
## ESPlorer
|
||||
|
||||
Victor Brutskiy's [ESPlorer](https://github.com/4refr0nt/ESPlorer) is written in Java, is open source and runs on most platforms such as Linux, Windows, Mac OS, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Features
|
||||
|
||||
- Edit Lua scripts and run on the ESP8266 and save to its flash
|
||||
- Serial console log
|
||||
- Also supports original AT firmware (reading and setting WiFi modes, etc)
|
||||
|
||||
## NodeMCU Studio
|
||||
|
||||
[NodeMCU Studio](https://github.com/nodemcu/nodemcu-studio-csharp) is written in C# and supports Windows. This software is open source and can write lua files to filesystem.
|
||||
|
||||
# OPTIONAL MODULES
|
||||
|
||||
####Use DS18B20 module extends your esp8266
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- read temperature with DS18B20
|
||||
node.compile("ds18b20.lua") -- run this only once to compile and save to "ds18b20.lc"
|
||||
t=require("ds18b20")
|
||||
t.setup(9)
|
||||
addrs=t.addrs()
|
||||
-- Total DS18B20 numbers, assume it is 2
|
||||
print(table.getn(addrs))
|
||||
-- The first DS18B20
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[1],t.C))
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[1],t.F))
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[1],t.K))
|
||||
-- The second DS18B20
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[2],t.C))
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[2],t.F))
|
||||
print(t.read(addrs[2],t.K))
|
||||
-- Just read
|
||||
print(t.read())
|
||||
-- Just read as centigrade
|
||||
print(t.read(nil,t.C))
|
||||
-- Don't forget to release it after use
|
||||
t = nil
|
||||
ds18b20 = nil
|
||||
package.loaded["ds18b20"]=nil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####Control a WS2812 based light strip
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- set the color of one LED on GPIO2 to red
|
||||
ws2812.writergb(4, string.char(255, 0, 0))
|
||||
-- set the color of 10 LEDs on GPIO0 to blue
|
||||
ws2812.writergb(3, string.char(0, 0, 255):rep(10))
|
||||
-- first LED green, second LED white
|
||||
ws2812.writergb(4, string.char(0, 255, 0, 255, 255, 255))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####coap client and server
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- use copper addon for firefox
|
||||
cs=coap.Server()
|
||||
cs:listen(5683)
|
||||
|
||||
myvar=1
|
||||
cs:var("myvar") -- get coap://192.168.18.103:5683/v1/v/myvar will return the value of myvar: 1
|
||||
|
||||
all='[1,2,3]'
|
||||
cs:var("all", coap.JSON) -- sets content type to json
|
||||
|
||||
-- function should tack one string, return one string.
|
||||
function myfun(payload)
|
||||
print("myfun called")
|
||||
respond = "hello"
|
||||
return respond
|
||||
end
|
||||
cs:func("myfun") -- post coap://192.168.18.103:5683/v1/f/myfun will call myfun
|
||||
|
||||
cc = coap.Client()
|
||||
cc:get(coap.CON, "coap://192.168.18.100:5683/.well-known/core")
|
||||
cc:post(coap.NON, "coap://192.168.18.100:5683/", "Hello")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####cjson
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- Note that when cjson deal with large content, it may fails a memory allocation, and leaks a bit of memory.
|
||||
-- so it's better to detect that and schedule a restart.
|
||||
--
|
||||
-- Translate Lua value to/from JSON
|
||||
-- text = cjson.encode(value)
|
||||
-- value = cjson.decode(text)
|
||||
json_text = '[ true, { "foo": "bar" } ]'
|
||||
value = cjson.decode(json_text)
|
||||
-- Returns: { true, { foo = "bar" } }
|
||||
value = { true, { foo = "bar" } }
|
||||
json_text = cjson.encode(value)
|
||||
-- Returns: '[true,{"foo":"bar"}]'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####HTTP client
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- Support HTTP and HTTPS, For example
|
||||
-- HTTP POST Example with JSON header and body
|
||||
http.post("http://somewhere.acceptjson.com/",
|
||||
"Content-Type: application/json\r\n",
|
||||
"{\"hello\":\"world\"}",
|
||||
function(code, data)
|
||||
print(code)
|
||||
print(data)
|
||||
end)
|
||||
-- HTTPS GET Example with NULL header
|
||||
http.get("https://www.vowstar.com/nodemcu/","",
|
||||
function(code, data)
|
||||
print(code)
|
||||
print(data)
|
||||
end)
|
||||
-- You will get
|
||||
-- > 200
|
||||
-- hello nodemcu
|
||||
-- HTTPS DELETE Example with NULL header and body
|
||||
http.delete("https://10.0.0.2:443","","",
|
||||
function(code, data)
|
||||
print(code)
|
||||
print(data)
|
||||
end)
|
||||
-- HTTPS PUT Example with NULL header and body
|
||||
http.put("https://testput.somewhere/somewhereyouput.php","","",
|
||||
function(code, data)
|
||||
print(code)
|
||||
print(data)
|
||||
end)
|
||||
-- HTTP RAW Request Example, use more HTTP/HTTPS request method
|
||||
http.request("http://www.apple.com:80/library/test/success.html","GET","","",
|
||||
function(code, data)
|
||||
print(code)
|
||||
print(data)
|
||||
end)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####Read an HX711 load cell ADC.
|
||||
Note: currently only chanel A with gain 128 is supported.
|
||||
The HX711 is an inexpensive 24bit ADC with programmable 128x, 64x, and 32x gain.
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
-- Initialize the hx711 with clk on pin 5 and data on pin 6
|
||||
hx711.init(5,6)
|
||||
-- Read ch A with 128 gain.
|
||||
raw_data = hx711.read(0)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
####Universal DHT Sensor support
|
||||
Support DHT11, DHT21, DHT22, DHT33, DHT44, etc.
|
||||
Use all-in-one function to read DHT sensor.
|
||||
```lua
|
||||
|
||||
pin = 5
|
||||
status,temp,humi,temp_decimial,humi_decimial = dht.readxx(pin)
|
||||
if( status == dht.OK ) then
|
||||
-- Integer firmware using this example
|
||||
print(
|
||||
string.format(
|
||||
"DHT Temperature:%d.%03d;Humidity:%d.%03d\r\n",
|
||||
math.floor(temp),
|
||||
temp_decimial,
|
||||
math.floor(humi),
|
||||
humi_decimial
|
||||
)
|
||||
)
|
||||
-- Float firmware using this example
|
||||
print("DHT Temperature:"..temp..";".."Humidity:"..humi)
|
||||
elseif( status == dht.ERROR_CHECKSUM ) then
|
||||
print( "DHT Checksum error." );
|
||||
elseif( status == dht.ERROR_TIMEOUT ) then
|
||||
print( "DHT Time out." );
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`DEVELOP_VERSION` changes the startup baud rate to 74880bps.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue