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docs: improve README and add zh-cn translation
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Yujia Qiao
Yujia Qiao
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# rathole
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安全、稳定、高性能的内网穿透工具，用 Rust 语言编写
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rathole，类似于 [frp](https://github.com/fatedier/frp) 和 [ngrok](https://github.com/inconshreveable/ngrok)，可以让 NAT 后的设备上的服务通过具有公网 IP 的服务器暴露在公网上。
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## Features
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- **高性能** 具有更高的吞吐量，高并发下更稳定。见[Benchmark](#Benchmark)
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- **低资源消耗** 内存占用远低于同类工具。见[Benchmark](#Benchmark)。[二进制文件最小](docs/build-guide.md)可以到 **~500KiB**，可以部署在嵌入式设备如路由器上。
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- **安全性** 每个服务单独强制鉴权。Server 和 Client 负责各自的配置。使用 Noise Protocol 可以简单地配置传输加密，而不需要自签证书。同时也支持 TLS。
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- **热重载** 支持配置文件热重载，动态修改端口转发服务。HTTP API 正在开发中。
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## Quickstart
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一个全功能的 `rathole` 可以从 [release](https://github.com/rapiz1/rathole/releases) 页面下载。或者 [通过源码编译](docs/build-guide.md) 获取其他平台和裁剪的二进制文件。
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`rathole` 的使用和 frp 非常类似，如果你有后者的使用经验，那配置对你来说非常简单，区别只是转发服务的配置分离到了服务端和客户端，并且必须要设置 token。
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使用 rathole 需要一个有公网 IP 的服务器，和一个在 NAT 或防火墙后的设备，其中有些服务需要暴露在互联网上。
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假设你在家里的 NAT 后面有一个 NAS，并且想把它的 ssh 服务暴露在公网上：
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1. 在有一个公网 IP 的服务器上
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创建 `server.toml`，内容如下，并根据你的需要调整。
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```toml
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# server.toml
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[server]
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bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:2333" # `2333` 配置了服务端监听客户端连接的端口
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[server.services.my_nas_ssh]。
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token = "use_a_secret_that_only_you_know" # 用于验证的 token
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bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:5202" # `5202` 配置了将 `my_nas_ssh` 暴露给互联网的端口
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```
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然后运行:
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```bash
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./rathole server.toml
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```
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2. 在 NAT 后面的主机（你的 NAS）上
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创建 `client.toml`，内容如下，并根据你的需要进行调整。
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```toml
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# client.toml
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[client]
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remote_addr = "myserver.com:2333" # 服务器的地址。端口必须与 `server.bind_addr` 中的端口相同。
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[client.services.my_nas_ssh]
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token = "use_a_secret_that_only_you_know" # 必须与服务器相同以通过验证
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local_addr = "127.0.0.1:22" # 需要被转发的服务的地址
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```
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然后运行：
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```bash
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./rathole client.toml
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```
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3. 现在 `rathole` 客户端会连接运行在 `myserver.com:2333`的 `rathole` 服务器，任何到 `myserver.com:5202` 的流量将被转发到客户端所在主机的 `22` 端口。
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所以你可以 `ssh myserver.com:5202` 来 ssh 到你的NAS。
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## Configuration
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如果只有一个 `[server]` 和 `[client]` 块存在的话，`rathole` 可以根据配置文件的内容自动决定在服务器模式或客户端模式下运行，就像 [Quickstart](#Quickstart) 中的例子。
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但 `[client]` 和 `[server]` 块也可以放在一个文件中。然后在服务器端，运行 `rathole --server config.toml`。在客户端，运行 `rathole --client config.toml` 来明确告诉 `rathole` 运行模式。
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**推荐首先查看 [examples](./examples) 中的配置示例来快速理解配置格式**，如果有不清楚的地方再查阅完整配置格式。
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关于如何配置 Noise Protocol 和 TLS 来进行加密传输，参见 [Security](./docs/security.md)。
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下面是完整的配置格式。
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```toml
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[client]
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remote_addr = "example.com:2333" # Necessary. The address of the server
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default_token = "default_token_if_not_specify" # Optional. The default token of services, if they don't define their own ones
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[client.transport] # The whole block is optional. Specify which transport to use
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type = "tcp" # Optional. Possible values: ["tcp", "tls", "noise"]. Default: "tcp"
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[client.transport.tls] # Necessary if `type` is "tls"
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trusted_root = "ca.pem" # Necessary. The certificate of CA that signed the server's certificate
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hostname = "example.com" # Optional. The hostname that the client uses to validate the certificate. If not set, fallback to `client.remote_addr`
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[client.transport.noise] # Noise protocol. See `docs/security.md` for further explanation
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pattern = "Noise_NK_25519_ChaChaPoly_BLAKE2s" # Optional. Default value as shown
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local_private_key = "key_encoded_in_base64" # Optional
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remote_public_key = "key_encoded_in_base64" # Optional
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[client.services.service1] # A service that needs forwarding. The name `service1` can change arbitrarily, as long as identical to the name in the server's configuration
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type = "tcp" # Optional. The protocol that needs forwarding. Possible values: ["tcp", "udp"]. Default: "tcp"
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token = "whatever" # Necessary if `client.default_token` not set
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local_addr = "127.0.0.1:1081" # Necessary. The address of the service that needs to be forwarded
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[client.services.service2] # Multiple services can be defined
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local_addr = "127.0.0.1:1082"
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[server]
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bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:2333" # Necessary. The address that the server listens for clients. Generally only the port needs to be change.
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default_token = "default_token_if_not_specify" # Optional
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[server.transport] # Same as `[client.transport]`
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type = "tcp"
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[server.transport.tls] # Necessary if `type` is "tls"
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pkcs12 = "identify.pfx" # Necessary. pkcs12 file of server's certificate and private key
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pkcs12_password = "password" # Necessary. Password of the pkcs12 file
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[server.transport.noise] # Same as `[client.transport.noise]`
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pattern = "Noise_NK_25519_ChaChaPoly_BLAKE2s"
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local_private_key = "key_encoded_in_base64"
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remote_public_key = "key_encoded_in_base64"
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[server.services.service1] # The service name must be identical to the client side
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type = "tcp" # Optional. Same as the client `[client.services.X.type]
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token = "whatever" # Necesary if `server.default_token` not set
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bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:8081" # Necessary. The address of the service is exposed at. Generally only the port needs to be change.
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[server.services.service2]
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bind_addr = "0.0.0.1:8082"
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```
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### Logging
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`rathole`，像许多其他 Rust 程序一样，使用环境变量来控制日志级别。
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支持的 Loggeng Level 有 `info`, `warn`, `error`, `debug`, `trace`
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比如将日志级别设置为 `error`:
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```
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RUST_LOG=error ./rathole config.toml
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```
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如果 `RUST_LOG` 不存在，默认的日志级别是 `info`。
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## Benchmark
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rathole 的延迟与 [frp](https://github.com/fatedier/frp) 相近，在高并发情况下表现更好，能提供更大的带宽，内存占用更少。
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参见 [Benchmark](./docs/benchmark.md)。
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## Development Status
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`rathole` 正在积极开发中
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- [x] 支持TLS
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- [x] 支持UDP
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- [x] 热重载
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- [] 用于配置的HTTP APIs
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19
README.md
19
README.md
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@ -7,18 +7,18 @@ rathole, like [frp](https://github.com/fatedier/frp) and [ngrok](https://github.
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## Features
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- **High Performance** Much higher throughput can be achieved than frp. See [Benchmark](#Benchmark)
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- **Low Resource Consumption** Much less memory is consumed and well managed by Rust.
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- **Optimized Binary** While small enough by default, `rathole` can be customized to be **as small as ~500KiB** to fit the constraints of devices, like embedded devices as routers.
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- **Secure Model** Tokens of services are mandatory and service-wise. The server and clients are responsible for their own configs.
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- **Encryption** With the help of the Noise Protocol, encryption can be configured at ease. No need to create a self-signed certificate! TLS is also supported.
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- **Hot Reload** Services can be added or removed dynamically by hot-reloading the config file. HTTP API is WIP.
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- **High Performance** Much higher throughput can be achieved than frp, and more stable when handling a large volume of connections. See [Benchmark](#Benchmark)
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- **Low Resource Consumption** Consumes much fewer memory than similar tools. See [Benchmark](#Benchmark). [The binary can be](docs/build-guide.md) **as small as ~500KiB** to fit the constraints of devices, like embedded devices as routers.
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- **Security** Tokens of services are mandatory and service-wise. The server and clients are responsible for their own configs. With the optional Noise Protocol, encryption can be configured at ease. No need to create a self-signed certificate! TLS is also supported.
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- **Hot Reload** Services can be added or removed dynamically by hot-reloading the configuration file. HTTP API is WIP.
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## Quickstart
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A full-powered `rathole` can be obtained from the [release](https://github.com/rapiz1/rathole/releases) page. Or [build from source](docs/build-guide.md) for other platforms and customizing the binary.
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To use rathole, you need a server with a public IP, and a device behind the NAT, where some services that need to be exposed to the Internet.
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The usage of `rathole` is ver similar to frp. If you have experience with the latter, then the configuration is very easy for you. The only difference is that configuration of a service is splited into the client side and the server side, and a token is mandatory.
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To use `rathole`, you need a server with a public IP, and a device behind the NAT, where some services that need to be exposed to the Internet.
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Assuming you have a NAS at home behind the NAT, and want to expose its ssh service to the Internet:
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@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ Then run:
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Create `client.toml` with the following content and accommodate it to your needs.
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```toml
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# client.toml
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[client]
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remote_addr = "myserver.com:2333" # The address of the server. The port must be the same with the port in `server.bind_addr`
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@ -66,9 +67,9 @@ So you can `ssh myserver.com:5202` to ssh to your NAS.
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But the `[client]` and `[server]` block can also be put in one file. Then on the server side, run `rathole --server config.toml` and on the client side, run `rathole --client config.toml` to explictly tell `rathole` the running mode.
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Some configuration examples are provided under [examples](./examples).
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Before heading to the full configuration specification, it's recommaned to skim [the configuration examples](./examples) to get a feeling of the configuration format.
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The Noise Protocol can be easily used to secure the traffic. TLS can also be used. See [Security](./docs/security.md).
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See [Security](./docs/security.md) for more details about encryption and the `transport` block.
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Here is the full configuration specification:
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```toml
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