Update 20230516-0118

as.csv

@@ -25775,7 +25775,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 26386,DEEPSYS-CHICAGO,"Deep Systems LLC"
 26387,WSC-WYOMISSINGPA,"Weidenhammer"
 26388,FIBERFI,"FIBERFI"
-26389,PEIXP,"Atlantic IXPs Inc."
+26389,PEIX,"Atlantic IXPs Inc."
 26391,REDGEAR,"RedGear, LLC"
 26392,TE-CONNECTIVITY-CORPORATION,"TE Connectivity Corporation"
 26393,NORFOLK-IX-ROUTE-SERVERS,"Richmond-IX Corporation"
@@ -33456,7 +33456,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 34471,EXCOM,"Free Technologies Excom S.L."
 34472,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 34473,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
-34474,KEBA-AG,"KEBA AG"
+34474,KEBA-AG,"KEBA Group AG"
 34475,AGROSTROJ,"Agrostroj Pelhrimov, a.s."
 34476,VAYFI,"Vayfi Bilgi Teknolojileri A.S."
 34477,NETMAN,"ARAplus GmbH"
@@ -33964,7 +33964,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 34979,THIRTYNINENETWORKS,"39D Services LTD"
 34980,ESTAT,"MEDIAMETRIE S.A."
 34981,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
-34982,ESAG,"Elmos Semiconductor AG"
+34982,ESAG,"Elmos Semiconductor SE"
 34983,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 34984,TELLCOM,"Superonline Iletisim Hizmetleri A.S."
 34985,NETINNOVATIONLLC-AP,"net innovation llc"
@@ -40259,7 +40259,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 41697,HELLAS-SAT,"Hellas Sat Consortium Ltd"
 41698,BFK,"BFK edv-consulting GmbH"
 41699,MLP,"MLP Banking AG"
-41700,FESTO,"Festo AG & Co. KG"
+41700,FESTO,"Festo Management SE"
 41701,CAP-FIN,"Capgemini Finland Oy"
 41702,LIMES2,"Limes sp. z o.o."
 41703,KOEL1,"Koel1 OOD"
@@ -41009,7 +41009,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 42447,EQUTECHNOLOGIES,"EQU Technologies LLP"
 42448,ERA,"PJSC Rostelecom"
 42449,MAIRIE-MULHOUSE,"Commune de Mulhouse"
-42450,TELEMACH,"Telekabel d.o.o."
+42450,TELEMACH,"Telemach d.o.o. Sarajevo"
 42451,SSN,"Limited Company Sakha Sprint Network"
 42452,NIGHTFLIGHT,"J&R Power Concept SRL"
 42453,ABG,"Asseco Poland S.A."
@@ -41302,7 +41302,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 42740,BACKSTAGE,"Backstage Ltd."
 42741,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 42742,INTERKAMSERVICE,"InterkamService LLC"
-42743,DREHER-HU,"Dreher Sorgyarak Zrt."
+42743,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 42744,AZSTJAN,"AZ ST-JAN Brugge-Oostende A.V."
 42745,SAFEVALUE,"Safe Value Limited"
 42746,OTAGO,"ZAKLAD USLUG INFORMATYCZNYCH OTAGO SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA"
@@ -45995,7 +45995,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 47497,NASV,"Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy"
 47498,FOGIXP,"iFog GmbH"
 47499,ILVA-LV,"ILVA Ltd."
-47500,I-INVEST,"SC ITNS.NET SRL"
+47500,NETWORKPOLICE,"SC ITNS.NET SRL"
 47501,ETARG,"eTarg Media ApS"
 47502,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 47503,NTCITROSA,"LLC NTC IT ROSA"
@@ -48877,7 +48877,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 50379,ISCNET,"Internet Services and Communications AD"
 50380,LANCOM,"Lancom Ltd"
 50381,UNICYCLE,"Leo Vandewoestijne trading as unicyle"
-50382,GES,"MUP GorElectroSvjaz, Novosibirsk."
+50382,MUP-GES,"MUP GorElectroSvjaz, Novosibirsk."
 50383,PROGRAMNIY-REGION,"Programniy Region AO"
 50384,W-IX-LTD,"iHome LLC"
 50385,HALOCLOUDNETWORK,"HaloCloud Network Limited"
@@ -50166,7 +50166,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 51668,ASPIK,"PIK SHb PJSC"
 51669,HCN-NET,"Home Computer Networks ltd."
 51670,TVTC,"Technical & Vocational Training Corporation"
-51671,HARTL-EDV-AS2,"Hartl Group GmbH"
+51671,HARTL-EDV-AS2,"synaforce GmbH"
 51672,BANKLVIV,"Joint-Stock Company Joint Stock Bank 'Lviv'"
 51673,DVB,"DZ Bank AG Deutsche-Zentralgenossenschaftsbank"
 51674,MEHANIKA,"United Motors LLC"
@@ -53596,7 +53596,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 55360,HEADSTRONG-INDIA-AP,"Headstrong Services India Pvt. Ltd."
 55361,LUCKYTONE-NET-HK,"Lucky Tone Communications Ltd"
 55362,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
-55363,NSWDOH-AU,"NSW Department of Health"
+55363,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 55364,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 55365,WESFARMERS-CEF-AU,"Wesfarmers Chemicals, Energy & Fertilisers Limited"
 55366,BUPA-AUS-HEALTH-AP,"BUPA Australia Health Pty Ltd"
@@ -55628,7 +55628,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 57392,ONLINESHOP,"ONLINESHOP SRL"
 57393,VIVA,"Viva LLC"
 57394,EPIC-NETWORKS,"EPIC NETWORKS S.R.L."
-57395,HARTL-EDV,"Hartl Group GmbH"
+57395,HARTL-EDV,"synaforce GmbH"
 57396,ASIZBERBASH,"PE Aliev Magomed Kadievich"
 57397,SPEX,"SPEX YAZILIM VE SIBER GUVENLIK HIZMETLERI ANONIM SIRKETI"
 57398,SERVERIX,"PE Kravchenko Sergii Sergiyovych"
@@ -56578,7 +56578,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 58342,MISAKA-IT,"Misaka Network, Inc."
 58343,CORE-TELECOMPUTING-SE,"Advania Sverige AB"
 58344,ICOTEL,"JSC ER-Telecom Holding"
-58345,DINFOTECASN,"DINFOTEC, S.L."
+58345,DINFOTECASN,"Free Technologies Excom S.L."
 58346,KZVNR,"KASSENZAHNAERZTLICHE VEREINIGUNG NORDRHEIN"
 58347,AIK,"AiK LLC"
 58348,BAYER-GROUP,"BAYER TURK KIMYA SANAYI LIMITED SIRKETI"
@@ -59060,7 +59060,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 60824,FRAUNHOFER-FREIBURG,"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V."
 60825,CITRIXSYSTEMS-UK,"Citrix Systems UK Ltd."
 60826,STOLOTO,"JSC TC Center"
-60827,FERRONORDIC,"FN Machines LLC"
+60827,FNG,"FN Machines LLC"
 60828,UIP,"LLC UIP"
 60829,ASNEVERNET,"NEVERNET, s.r.o."
 60830,NORDIXNETT,"Nordix Data AS"
@@ -60426,7 +60426,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 62291,ESACOM,"esacom GmbH"
 62292,EZIT,"Websupport Magyarorszag Kft."
 62293,URALCHEM,"Uralchem, JSC"
-62294,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
+62294,DATA-TARGET,"Data Target d.o.o."
 62295,JETMONEY,"LLC MKK Jet Money Microfinance"
 62296,VITALNG,"Vital Network Group, LLC"
 62297,WEBSALE,"WEBSALE AG"
@@ -60586,7 +60586,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 62451,KABELSEEFELD,"T-Mobile Austria GmbH"
 62452,IMIU,"Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University"
 62453,BAGEMLV,"JSC BALTICOM"
-62454,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
+62454,LILLYCDN,"intercolo GmbH"
 62455,WBB,"Wifiber Limited"
 62456,WEBHANE,"WEBHANE Bilisim Teknolojileri Ticaret Limited Sirketi"
 62457,TVPULS,"Telewizja Puls Sp. z o.o."
@@ -65825,7 +65825,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 133321,DATACOM-QLD-AP,"DATACOM SYSTEMS (AU) PTY LTD"
 133322,XIM-HK,"XIMBO Internet Limited"
 133323,RACK-SERVERS-AP,"Rack Servers Pty Ltd"
-133324,WEBTRAFPTYLTD-AP,"WebTraf Pty Ltd"
+133324,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 133325,GENFIVETECHNOLOGY-AP,"Genfive Technology"
 133326,RIN-AP,"Regional IT Newcastle Pty Ltd"
 133327,FLEX-AP,"Flextronics International Ltd."
@@ -66106,7 +66106,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 133602,NEOS-SG-AP,"Neos Asia Pacific Pte Ltd"
 133603,EVISIONPTYLTD-AP,"Evision Pty Ltd"
 133604,MDHB-AP,"MidCentral District Health Board"
-133605,BTL-BD,"Bright Technologies Limited"
+133605,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 133606,VIETTELTIMORLESTE-AP,"Viettel Timor Leste"
 133607,BGL-AP,"Big Noise Group Limited"
 133608,LIVERTON1-AP,"Liverton Security"
@@ -66221,7 +66221,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 133717,KOREDIGITAL,"KORE DIGITAL"
 133718,SKYHUNT,"Skyhunt Technolgies"
 133719,IDIGITAL,"IDIGITALCAMP WEB SERVICES"
-133720,SOFTCALLCOC,"SOFT CALL CUST-O-CARE PRIVATE LIMITED"
+133720,ZESSNPL-IN,"Zess Networks Private Limited"
 133721,KLICKZONE,"KLICKZONE BROADBAND AND COMMUNICATIONS PRIVATE LIMITED"
 133722,MCARBON,"mCarbon Tech Innovation Private Limited"
 133723,IPR,"Institute for Plasma Research"
@@ -66985,7 +66985,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 134481,WFHNPL-AP,"Wi Fi H.D Nepal Pvt. Ltd"
 134482,HKUL-AP,"HONG KONG UMIX LIMITED"
 134483,YJSEL-AP,"Ying Jie Sheng (HK) Electronic Limited"
-134484,VDCNET-AP,"Ultra Net"
+134484,VDCNET-AP,"V D C Net Company Limited"
 134485,NSTCL-AP,"NORTH STAR TECHNOLOGY COMPANY LIMITED"
 134486,CLOUDFINITY-AP,"Cloudfinity"
 134487,ENTERCONNECT-AP,"Enterconnect Solutions Pty Ltd"
@@ -67761,7 +67761,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 135257,DLGTPL,"DL GTPL Broadband Private Limited"
 135258,SDH-IN,"Sdh Network Pvt Ltd"
 135259,SKYSIKAR,"SKYLINE INFONET PRIVATE LIMITED"
-135260,FOURTY2COMM,"42 Communications Pvt. Ltd."
+135260,RESERVED,"IRINN AS-BLOCK"
 135261,SOFTWORLD,"Soft World Infonet"
 135262,OUTOFBOX,"Outofbox Networks Private Limited"
 135263,PINELABSINDIA-IN,"Pine Labs Pvt. Ltd."
@@ -68900,7 +68900,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 136396,AUTOTASK-VIRTUTEL-AP,"Virtutel Pty Ltd"
 136397,IAHPL-AP,"Interpublic Australia Holdings Pty Ltd"
 136398,SA-AP,"Secure Agility PTY LTD"
-136399,BAMBUWIRELESS-AP,"Bambu Wireless Solutions Inc."
+136399,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 136400,ACG-AFG-AP,"Asia Consultancy Group"
 136401,KSP-AP,"PT. Kreasi Sukses Parahyangan"
 136402,NTL-NC-AP,"Nautile SARL"
@@ -69075,7 +69075,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 136571,NEXTTELECOM-AP,"Next Telecom Pty Ltd"
 136572,OCIO-AP,"Office of the Chief Information Officer"
 136573,ZCCT-AP,"Zip Cyber Cafe & Technology"
-136574,ZY-AP,"Shanghai Zheye Network Technology Co.,Ltd"
+136574,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 136575,SAILPOINT-AP,"SailPoint Technologies India Private Limited"
 136576,CNIPV4,"Asia Pacific Cloud (Hong Kong) Holdings Limited"
 136577,SIPTALK-AP,"Siptalk Pty Ltd"
@@ -69777,7 +69777,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 137273,VIRTUALNODE-AP,"VIRTUAL NODE PTY LTD"
 137274,UBONLINE-AP,"U.B. Online"
 137275,BBSNEPAL-AP,"Broadband Solutions Pvt. Ltd"
-137276,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
+137276,ASIABRIDGETELECOM-AP,"Asia Bridge Telecom"
 137277,PNRU-AP,"Office of Info.Tech. Admin. for Educational Development"
 137278,M1-AP,"1 Touch BD Online Ltd."
 137279,JOS-AP,"J.F OPTICAL SERVICES"
@@ -71476,7 +71476,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 138972,PHGPL-AP,"PRESCIENT HEALTHCARE GROUP PVT. LTD."
 138973,CAMPBELL-AP,"Campbell Technology Limited"
 138974,MESHNETWORK-AP,"MESH NETWORK"
-138975,GLISPL-AP,"G. R. S. Link Internet"
+138975,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 138976,NZPL-AP,"NEW ZEALAND PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED"
 138977,KINETICIT-AP,"Kinetic IT Pty. Ltd."
 138978,STARCHWORKS-AP,"Starch Works"
@@ -73073,7 +73073,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 140569,CHINATELECOM-XINJIANG-KEZHOU-5G-NETWORK,"China Telecom"
 140570,HKBCS-AP,"Hong Kong Beecloud System Technology Services Limited"
 140571,YOTTABYTE-AP,"Yotta Byte (Pvt.) Ltd"
-140572,NIMT-AP,"National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)"
+140572,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 140573,XTT-AP,"XTT ELECTRONIC LIMITED"
 140574,LSPL-AP,"LINKSTACK SOLUTION PRIVATE LIMITED"
 140575,NATIONAL-AP,"National Statistical Office"
@@ -73956,7 +73956,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 141452,JHONGKARENGINEERS-AP,"Jhongkar IT"
 141453,TSPL-AP,"TM Systems Private Limited"
 141454,HCT-AP,"Symphony Communication Public Company Limited"
-141455,JETSIPPTYLTD-AP,"Jetsip Pty Ltd"
+141455,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 141456,BONDHON-AP,"Bondhon Communication"
 141457,RAPIDWIRELESS-AP,"RAPID WIRELESS PTY LTD"
 141458,IPINTERNET-AP,"IP INTERNET"
@@ -74609,7 +74609,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 142105,CERNET,"China Education and Research Network (CERNET)"
 142106,CERNET,"China Education and Research Network (CERNET)"
 142107,KARAF-AP,"Karaf Pty Ltd"
-142108,TYSOLUTIONHONGKONGLTD-AP,"TY Solution Hong Kong Limited"
+142108,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 142109,CMSB-AP,"Concentric Media Sdn Bhd"
 142110,NPTPL-AP,"Northern Point Technology Private Limited"
 142111,AIYUN-AP,"Ningbo Dahuamao Information Technology Co Ltd"
@@ -81938,7 +81938,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 149434,GEFO-AP,"Forhosting"
 149435,GALAXYSCS,"Forhosting"
 149436,RANONLINE-AP,"RAN Online"
-149437,FAIZAONLINE-AP,"FAIZA ONLINE"
+149437,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 149438,M7IHL-AP,"7road international hk limited"
 149439,GSSB-AP,"Globalcomm Solutions Sdn Bhd"
 149440,EVOXTENTERPRISE-AP,"Evoxt Enterprise"
@@ -83489,7 +83489,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 150985,IDNIC-YADICA-ID,"PT Yadica Multimedia Nusantara"
 150986,IDNIC-ALTAFOCUSMEDIACENTER-ID,"PT Altafocus Media Center"
 150987,IDNIC-BANDUNGKAB-ID,"Dinas Komunikasi, Informatika dan Statistik Kabupaten Bandung"
-150988,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
+150988,IDNIC-NUSANTARASAKTI-ID,"PT Nusa Surya Ciptadana"
 150989,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 150990,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 150991,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
@@ -83589,7 +83589,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 151085,IVANTI-IN,"IVANTI TECHNOLOGY INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED"
 151086,AMRITANET-IN,"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham"
 151087,DHIINTER-IN,"DARHAWNI BUSINESS ENTERPRISE PRIVATE LIMITED"
-151088,NIXI,"NIXI"
+151088,EZNETIND-IN,"EZNET INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED"
 151089,NETVEN-IN,"NETVEN TECHNOLOGIES PVT LTD"
 151090,NIXI,"NIXI"
 151091,BHCAN-IN,"BABA HARIDAS COMPUTER AND NETWORKING"
@@ -83827,9 +83827,9 @@ asn,handle,description
 151323,NAMEPART-AP,"Namepart"
 151324,BCTNI-AP,"Bongao Cable Television Network Inc."
 151325,TWODL-AP,"TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited"
-151326,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
-151327,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
-151328,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
+151326,DCPL-AP,"DCConnect Communication Pte. Ltd."
+151327,INCEPTION-AP,"Goti Internet"
+151328,ANACPL-AP,"Asianet"
 151329,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 151330,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
 151331,RESERVED,"APNIC ASN block"
@@ -90928,7 +90928,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 201668,SAMAMADINATY,"Sama Madeniti for Communication & Internet Ltd."
 201669,UTG,"JSC UTG Group"
 201670,INFOTECH-GRUP,"S.C. INFOTECH-GRUP S.R.L."
-201671,NAME,"Nuxt Hosting Solution Limited"
+201671,NUXT-CLOUD,"Nuxt Hosting Solution Limited"
 201672,SAP-DC-MOW,"SAP SE"
 201673,PTSLV,"Point Transactions System SIA"
 201674,LVR-INFOKOM,"Landschaftsverband Rheinland, Amt InfoKom"
@@ -94554,7 +94554,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 205329,MUILTIES-NETWORK,"Kai-Jung Chen"
 205330,ARIANET,"Ari@net SRL"
 205331,BG-WIMAXNET,"WI-MAX NET Ltd."
-205332,ITIVITI,"Itiviti Group AB"
+205332,ITIVITI,"Broadridge Trading and Connectivity Solutions AB"
 205333,ARCADIZ-NL,"Arcadiz Telecom NV"
 205334,FIBERPLUS2AS,"FIBERPLUS COMUNICATIONS, SL"
 205335,PTT,"Posta ve Telgraf Teskilati Anonim Sirketi"
@@ -98234,7 +98234,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 209041,KARNIT,"CoreIT AB"
 209042,TIZOO,"TiZoo Sarl"
 209043,IPROYAL,"IPRoyal Services FZE LLC"
-209044,ABAKUS,"Hartl Group GmbH"
+209044,ABAKUS,"synaforce GmbH"
 209045,GENESIS-CLOUD,"Genesis Cloud Limited"
 209046,GAL,"Georgianairlink LLC"
 209047,ASGBG,"JSC Risk Management and Insurance Company Global Benefits Georgia"
@@ -98299,7 +98299,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 209106,SISTEC-19,"SISTEC LLC"
 209107,SAYENKO-KHARENKO,"Sayenko Kharenko Attorneys Office"
 209108,TPIT,"Trans-Pack Logisztika Kft."
-209109,JWILSON,"Justin Wilson"
+209109,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
 209110,AMPAREX,"AMPAREX GmbH"
 209111,PEOPLECERT-ORG,"PEOPLECERT GLOBAL SERVICES AE"
 209112,SKYTELECOM,"TSK LLC"
@@ -99704,7 +99704,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 210511,BLUE-TELECOMS,"Direct Market Solutions Limited"
 210512,INTERNETTECH,"Internet Technologies LLC"
 210513,MASARAT-ALIRAQ,"Masarat Al-Iraq Information Technology Co., Ltd"
-210514,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
+210514,ROGATYN,"PE IAC RO-NET"
 210515,ISRAEL,"MDCLONE LTD"
 210516,KARMACOMPUTING,"Karma Computing Ltd"
 210517,FUZULEV,"FUZUL TASARRUF FINANSMAN A.S."
@@ -100095,7 +100095,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 210902,DAVID-DENIS,"David & Denis Inc."
 210903,TSINGYAO,"Chengde TsingYao Network Technology Service Co., Ltd."
 210904,CGL,"CHRISTIAN GARCIA LOZANO"
-210905,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
+210905,ANDRIIRYKHLIVSKYI,"Andrii Rykhlivskyi"
 210906,BITE-US,"UAB Bite Lietuva"
 210907,STEADCLOUD,"Steadcloud B.V."
 210908,ASNCFG,"Condor Flugdienst GmbH"
@@ -100915,7 +100915,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 211722,NULLROUTE,"Nullroute ry"
 211723,ITPNET,"Peter Pohl"
 211724,SYSTEMATICA,"Systematica LLC"
-211725,RESERVED,"RIPE NCC ASN block"
+211725,REMANOVA,"REMANOVA LTD"
 211726,WIFIBER,"Wifiber IKE"
 211727,BODENATURKOST-CORE,"Horst Bode Import-Export GmbH"
 211728,GEODE,"Geode Host AS"
@@ -111934,7 +111934,7 @@ asn,handle,description
 272464,I-7-PROVEDOR-INTERNET,"i 7 Provedor de internet LTDA"
 272465,HER-CONECTA-TELECOMUNICAO,"HER CONECTA TELECOMUNICAO LTDA"
 272466,SERLINK-TELECOM-PROVEDOR,"SERLINK TELECOM PROVEDOR DE INTERNET LTDA"
-272467,CASTRO-RODRIGUES-TI,"CASTRO RODRIGUES TI E TELECOM LTDA - ME"
+272467,HI-MAX-TELECOM,"HI-MAX TELECOM"
 272468,MAVAFE-TELECOMUNICAES,"Mavafe Telecomunicaes LTDA"
 272469,ALL-CONECT,"ALL CONECT LTDA"
 272470,ISABELA-SOUSA-ROCHA,"Isabela Sousa Rocha Brito lemes"