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WiFi Module

Since Origin / Contributor Maintainer Source
2016-10-03 Johny Mattsson Johny Mattsson wifi.c

The NodeMCU WiFi control is spread across several tables:

  • wifi for overall WiFi configuration
  • wifi.sta for station mode functions
  • wifi.ap for access point (AP) functions

wifi.getchannel()

Gets the current WiFi channel.

Syntax

wifi.getchannel()

Parameters

nil

Returns

  • current WiFi channel (primary channel)
  • HT20/HT40 information (secondary channel). One of the constants:
    • wifi.HT20
    • wifi.HT40_ABOVE
    • wifi.HT40_BELOW

wifi.getmode()

Gets WiFi operation mode.

Syntax

wifi.getmode()

Parameters

nil

Returns

The WiFi mode, as one of the wifi.STATION, wifi.SOFTAP, wifi.STATIONAP or wifi.NULLMODE constants.

See also

wifi.mode()

wifi.mode()

Configures the WiFi mode to use. NodeMCU can run in one of four WiFi modes:

  • Station mode, where the NodeMCU device joins an existing network
  • Access point (AP) mode, where it creates its own network that others can join
  • Station + AP mode, where it both creates its own network while at the same time being joined to another existing network
  • WiFi off

When using the combined Station + AP mode, the same channel will be used for both networks as the radio can only listen on a single channel.

Syntax

wifi.mode(mode[, save])

Parameters

  • mode value should be one of
    • wifi.STATION for when the device is connected to a WiFi router. This is often done to give the device access to the Internet.
    • wifi.SOFTAP for when the device is acting only as an access point. This will allow you to see the device in the list of WiFi networks (unless you hide the SSID, of course). In this mode your computer can connect to the device, creating a local area network. Unless you change the value, the NodeMCU device will be given a local IP address of 192.168.4.1 and assign your computer the next available IP address, such as 192.168.4.2.
    • wifi.STATIONAP is the combination of wifi.STATION and wifi.SOFTAP. It allows you to create a local WiFi connection and connect to another WiFi router.
    • wifi.NULLMODE disables the WiFi interface(s). Use wifi.stop() to fully shut down the WiFi interface.
  • save choose whether or not to save wifi mode to flash
    • true WiFi mode configuration will be retained through power cycle. (Default)
    • false WiFi mode configuration will not be retained through power cycle.

Returns

current mode after setup

Example

wifi.mode(wifi.STATION)

See also

wifi.getmode() wifi.stop()

wifi.start()

Starts the WiFi interface(s). On system startup the WiFi interface(s) are not running. This is to enable users to choose whether to expend the power necessary for radio comms. A sensor device running on battery might only want to enable WiFi every 10th boot for example.

Syntax

wifi.start()

Parameters

nil

Returns

nil

See also

wifi.stop()

wifi.stop()

Shuts down the WiFi interface(s).

Syntax

wifi.stop()

Parameters

nil

Returns

nil

See also

wifi.start()

wifi.sta Module

wifi.sta.config()

Sets the WiFi station configuration.

The WiFi mode must be set to wifi.STATION or wifi.STATIONAP before this function can be used.

Note that the earlier auto-connect feature is no longer available due to being removed in the SDK/IDF. After start-up it is necessary to call wifi.stat.connect() manually.

Syntax

wifi.sta.config(station_config, save)

Parameters

  • station_config table containing configuration data for station

    • ssid string which is less than 32 bytes.

    • pwd string which is 8-64 or 0 bytes. Empty string indicates an open WiFi access point.

    • bssid string that contains the MAC address of the access point (optional)

      • You can set BSSID if you have multiple access points with the same SSID.
      • Note: if you set BSSID for a specific SSID and would like to configure station to connect to the same SSID only without the BSSID requirement, you MUST first configure to station to a different SSID first, then connect to the desired SSID
      • The following formats are valid:
        • "DE:C1:A5:51:F1:ED"
        • "AC-1D-1C-B1-0B-22"
        • "DE AD BE EF 7A C0"
      • "AcDc0123c0DE"

    • pmf an optional setting to control whether Protected Management Frames are supported and/or required. One of: - wifi.sta.PMF_AVAILABLE - wifi.sta.PMF_REQUIRED. Defaults to wifi.sta.PMF_AVAILABLE. PMF is required when joining to WPA3-Personal access points. The value wifi.sta.PMF_OFF is no longer available as it is no longer supported by the wifi stack.

    • channel optional integer value, the channel number to start scanning for the AP from, if known.

    • scan_method optional string value, one of "fast" or "all" do either do a fast scan or all channel scan when looking for the AP to connect to. With fast scan, the first found matching AP is used even if it is not the best/closest one.

    • listen_interval optional listen interval to receive beacon if max wifi power saving mode is enabled. Units is in AP beacon intervals. Defaults to 3.

    • sort_by optional string value for preferential selection of AP. Must be one of "rssi" or "authmode" if present.

    • threshold_rssi optional integer value to limit APs to only those which have a signal stronger than this value.

    • threshold_authmode optional value to limit APs to those with an authentication mode of at least this settings. One of wifi.AUTH_OPEN, wifi.AUTH_WEP, wifi.AUTH_WPA_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_ENTERPRISE, wifi.AUTH_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WAPI_PSK.

    • rm optional boolean, set to true to enable Radio Measurements

    • btm optional boolean, set to true to enable BSS Transition Management

    • mbo optional boolean, set to true to enable Multi-Band Operation

    • sae_pwe optional, configures WPA3 SAE Password Element setting. One of wifi.SAE_PWE_UNSPECIFIED, wifi.SAE_PWE_HUNT_AND_PECK, wifi.SAE_PWE_HASH_TO_ELEMENT or wifi.SAE_PWE_BOTH.

  • save Save station configuration to flash.

    • true configuration will be retained through power cycle.
    • false configuration will not be retained through power cycle. (Default)

Returns

nil

Example

--connect to Access Point (DO NOT save config to flash)
station_cfg={}
station_cfg.ssid="NODE-AABBCC"
station_cfg.pwd="password"
wifi.sta.config(station_cfg)

--connect to Access Point (DO save config to flash)
station_cfg={}
station_cfg.ssid="NODE-AABBCC"
station_cfg.pwd="password"
wifi.sta.config(station_cfg, true)

--connect to Access Point with specific MAC address  
station_cfg={}
station_cfg.ssid="NODE-AABBCC"
station_cfg.pwd="password"
station_cfg.bssid="AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF"
wifi.sta.config(station_cfg)

See also

wifi.sta.getconfig()

Returns the current station configuration.

Syntax

wifi.sta.getconfig()

Parameters

nil

Returns

A table with the configuration settings. Refer to wifi.sta.config() for field details.

wifi.sta.connect()

Connects to the configured AP in station mode. You will want to call this on start-up after wifi.start(), and quite possibly also in response to disconnected events.

Syntax

wifi.sta.connect()

Parameters

nil

Returns

nil

See also

wifi.sta.disconnect()

Disconnects from AP in station mode.

!!! note

Please note that disconnecting from Access Point does not reduce power consumption much.
If power saving is your goal, please use [`wifi.stop()`](#wifisetmode).

Syntax

wifi.sta.disconnect()

Parameters

nil

Returns

nil

See also

wifi.sta.settxpower

Allows adjusting the maximum TX power for the WiFi. This is (unfortunately) needed for some boards which have a badly matched antenna.

Syntax

wifi.sta.settxpower(power)

Parameters

  • power The maximum transmit power in dBm. This must have the range 2dBm - 20dBm. This value is a float.

Returns

A boolean where true is OK.

Example

# Needed for the WEMOS C3 Mini
wifi.sta.settxpower(8.5)

wifi.sta.powersave

Configures power-saving setting in station mode.

Syntax

wifi.sta.powersave(setting)

Parameters

  • setting one of "none", "min" or "max". In "min" mode, the station wakes up every DTIM period to receive the beacon. In "max" mode, the station wakes up at the interval configured in listen_interval (see wifi.sta.config(). When set to "none" the station does not go to sleep and can receive frames immediately.

Returns

nil

See also

wifi.sta.getpowersave

Returns the configured station power-saving mode.

Syntax

wifi.sta.getpowersave()

Parameters

nil

Returns

One of "none", "min" or "max". Refer to wifi.sta.powersave() for details.

See also

wifi.sta.on()

Registers callbacks for WiFi station status events.

Syntax

wifi.sta.on(event, callback)

Parameters

  • event WiFi station event you would like to set a callback for:
    • "start"
    • "stop"
    • "connected"
    • "disconnected"
    • "authmode_changed"
    • "got_ip"
  • callback callback function(event, info) to perform when event occurs, or nil to unregister the callback for the event. The info argument given to the callback is a table containing additional information about the event.

Event information provided for each event is as follows:

  • start: no additional info
  • stop: no additional info
  • connected: information about network/AP that was connected to:
    • ssid: the SSID of the network
    • bssid: the BSSID of the AP
    • channel: the primary channel of the network
    • auth authentication method, one of wifi.AUTH_OPEN, wifi.AUTH_WEP, wifi.AUTH_WPA_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_ENTERPRISE, wifi.AUTH_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WAPI_PSK
  • disconnected: information about the network/AP that was disconnected from:
    • ssid: the SSID of the network
    • bssid: the BSSID of the AP
    • reason: an integer code for the reason (see table below for mapping)
  • authmode_changed: authentication mode information:
    • old_mode: the previous auth mode used
    • new_mode: the new auth mode used
  • got_ip: IP network information:
    • ip: the IP address assigned
    • netmask: the IP netmask
    • gw: the gateway ("0.0.0.0" if no gateway)

Table containing disconnect reasons.

Disconnect reason value
UNSPECIFIED 1
AUTH_EXPIRE 2
AUTH_LEAVE 3
ASSOC_EXPIRE 4
ASSOC_TOOMANY 5
NOT_AUTHED 6
NOT_ASSOCED 7
ASSOC_LEAVE 8
ASSOC_NOT_AUTHED 9
DISASSOC_PWRCAP_BAD 10
DISASSOC_SUPCHAN_BAD 11
IE_INVALID 13
MIC_FAILURE 14
4WAY_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT 15
GROUP_KEY_UPDATE_TIMEOUT 16
IE_IN_4WAY_DIFFERS 17
GROUP_CIPHER_INVALID 18
PAIRWISE_CIPHER_INVALID 19
AKMP_INVALID 20
UNSUPP_RSN_IE_VERSION 21
INVALID_RSN_IE_CAP 22
802_1X_AUTH_FAILED 23
CIPHER_SUITE_REJECTED 24
BEACON_TIMEOUT 200
NO_AP_FOUND 201
AUTH_FAIL 202
ASSOC_FAIL 203
HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT 204

Returns

nil

Example

--register callback
wifi.sta.on("got_ip", function(ev, info)
  print("NodeMCU IP config:", info.ip, "netmask", info.netmask, "gw", info.gw)
end)

--unregister callback
wifi.sta.on("got_ip", nil)

wifi.sta.getmac()

Gets MAC address in station mode.

Syntax

wifi.sta.getmac()

Parameters

None

wifi.sta.scan()

Scan for available networks.

Syntax

wifi.sta.scan(cfg, callback)

Parameters

  • cfg table that contains scan configuration:
    • ssid SSID == nil, don't filter SSID
    • bssid BSSID == nil, don't filter BSSID
    • channel channel == 0, scan all channels, otherwise scan set channel (default is 0)
    • hidden hidden == 1, get info for router with hidden SSID (default is 0)
  • callback(ap_list) a callback function to receive the list of APs when the scan is done. Each entry in the returned array follows the format used for wifi.sta.config(), with some additional fields.

The following fields are provided for each scanned AP:

  • ssid: the network SSID
  • bssid: the BSSID of the AP
  • channel: primary WiFi channel of the AP
  • rssi: Received Signal Strength Indicator value
  • auth authentication method, one of wifi.AUTH_OPEN, wifi.AUTH_WEP, wifi.AUTH_WPA_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_ENTERPRISE, wifi.AUTH_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_WPA3_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WAPI_PSK
  • bandwidth: one of the following constants:
    • wifi.HT20
    • wifi.HT40_ABOVE
    • wifi.HT40_BELOW

Returns

nil

Example

-- Scan and print all found APs, including hidden ones
wifi.sta.scan({ hidden = 1 }, function(err,arr)
  if err then
    print ("Scan failed:", err)
  else
    print(string.format("%-26s","SSID"),"Channel BSSID              RSSI Auth Bandwidth")
    for i,ap in ipairs(arr) do
      print(string.format("%-32s",ap.ssid),ap.channel,ap.bssid,ap.rssi,ap.auth,ap.bandwidth)
    end
    print("-- Total APs: ", #arr)
  end
end)

wifi.sta.setip()

Sets IP address, netmask, gateway, dns address in station mode.

Options set by this function are not saved to flash.

Syntax

wifi.sta.setip(cfg)

Parameters

  • cfg table to hold configuration:
    • ip device ip address.
    • netmask network netmask.
    • gateway gateway address.
    • dns name server address.

Returns

nil

Example

  cfg={}
  cfg.ip=192.168.0.10
  cfg.netmask=255.255.255.0
  cfg.gateway=192.168.0.1
  cfg.dns=8.8.8.8
  wifi.sta.setip(cfg)

wifi.sta.sethostname

Sets station hostname

Must be called before wifi.sta.connect()

Options set by this function are not saved to flash.

Syntax

wifi.sta.sethostname(hostname)

Returns

true if success, false otherwise

Parameters

hostname must only contain letters, numbers and hyphens('-') and be 32 characters or less with first and last character being alphanumeric

Example

  wifi.sta.sethostname("ESP32")

wifi.ap Module

wifi.ap.config()

Configures the AP.

The WiFi mode must be set to wifi.SOFTAP or wifi.STATIONAP before this function can be used.

Syntax

wifi.ap.config(cfg, save)

Parameters

  • cfg table to hold configuration:
    • ssid SSID chars 1-32
    • pwd password chars 8-64
    • auth authentication method, one of wifi.AUTH_OPEN, wifi.AUTH_WPA_PSK, wifi.AUTH_WPA2_PSK (default), wifi.AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK
    • channel channel number 1-14 default = 11
    • hidden false = not hidden, true = hidden, default = false
    • max maximum number of connections 1-4 default=4
    • beacon beacon interval time in range 100-60000, default = 100
  • save save configuration to flash.
    • true configuration will be retained through power cycle. (Default)
    • false configuration will not be retained through power cycle.

Returns

nil

Example:

 cfg={}
 cfg.ssid="myssid"
 cfg.pwd="mypassword"
 wifi.ap.config(cfg)

wifi.ap.on()

Registers callbacks for WiFi AP events.

Syntax

wifi.ap.on(event, callback)

Parameters

  • event WiFi AP event you would like to set a callback for:
    • "start"
    • "stop"
    • "sta_connected"
    • "sta_disconnected"
    • "probe_req"
  • callback callback function(event, info) to perform when event occurs, or nil to unregister the callback for the event. The info argument given to the callback is a table containing additional information about the event.

Event information provided for each event is as follows:

  • start: no additional info
  • stop: no additional info
  • sta_connected: information about the client that connected:
    • mac: the MAC address
    • id: assigned station id (AID)
  • disconnected: information about disconnecting client
    • mac: the MAC address
    • id: assigned station id (AID)
  • probe_req: information about the probing client
    • from: MAC address of the probing client
    • rssi: Received Signal Strength Indicator value

wifi.ap.getmac()

Gets MAC address in access point mode.

Syntax

wifi.ap.getmac()

Parameters

None

Returns

MAC address as string e.g. "18:fe:34:a2:d7:34"

wifi.ap.setip()

Sets IP address, netmask, gateway, dns address in AccessPoint mode.

Options set by this function are not saved to flash.

Syntax

wifi.ap.setip(cfg)

Parameters

  • cfg table to hold configuration:
    • ip device ip address.
    • netmask network netmask.
    • gateway gateway address.
    • dns name server address, which will be provided to clients over DHCP. (Optional)

Returns

nil

Example

  cfg={}
  cfg.ip=192.168.0.10
  cfg.netmask=255.255.255.0
  cfg.gateway=192.168.0.1
  cfg.dns=8.8.8.8
  wifi.ap.setip(cfg)

wifi.ap.sethostname

Sets AccessPoint hostname.

Options set by this function are not saved to flash.

Syntax

wifi.ap.sethostname(hostname)

Returns

true if success, false otherwise

Parameters

hostname must only contain letters, numbers and hyphens('-') and be 32 characters or less with first and last character being alphanumeric

Example

  wifi.ap.sethostname("ESP32")